EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY OF ASHYG ART

R

Radif (Repeating word or set of words) - they are a word or a set of words which are repeated at the end of hemistiches after rhyme. These words resemble to the repeating hemistiches for some degree.
Gəl çəkmə cahan qeydini sən, can belə qalmaz,
Qan ağlama çox, dideyi-giryan belə qalmaz.
Gül vaxtı keçər, seyri-gülüstan belə qalmaz,
Hər ləhzə könül xürrəmü xəndan, belə qalmaz.
Bir cam yetir, saqi, bu dövran belə qalmaz!
Tən bir gün olar xak ilə yeksan, belə qalmaz!

Don't worry about the world, it will not always go in this way;
Don't cry blood my eyes, it will not always go in this way.
The flower time will pass, the poem and flower garden it will not always go in this way;
The happiness of soul, it will not always go in this way;
Oh waiter, give me a glass because the world will not always go in this way!
The body will be mixed with the earth in future, it will not always go in this way!

Rahl Rahla (Book rack) - it is one of the main arrangement elements of a play or a narration scene; it is a book-racket for one book capable to be opened and closed.

Rajaz (Paean) - its etymological meaning is a boasting poem given by the athlete after overcome in a competition. Due to its characteristics, it is known as one of the syllable measuring. In performing Paean, an Ashyg uses the poems written in this syllable measuring.

Ramal - it is a syllable measuring scale in poem and music. It has a lot of forms. The weight and symmetry plays the main role in this scale. In Arabic-Persian music, it is subdivided into light Ramal and Heavy Ramal. The Heavy Ramal is in two forms:
a) The syllable measuring scale formed by 4-time repeating of Failaton weighing scale.
b) The syllable measuring scale based on: Failaton-failon-mafulon-mafulon-failon weighing scales.
Ramal syllable measuring scale is one of the scales widely used in Azerbaijani music.
Failaton failaton failaton failon

Randalayan parda (Smoothing gut frets) - they are 11th and 12th gut frets on fingerboard of Saz, transition gut fret.

Ravi (Narrator) - it means the speech master who had been dealing with narration of stories and myths in 3rd – 7th century in old Azerbaijani history. The Ravi (narrator), who is the successor of Naqqal, Qissakhan, Maddah and Dastanchi (all meaning narrator), usually knows nice stories, reads the works of the outstanding writers and is himself an outstanding talent.

Recitative - (Ital.: Recitative - recitative) It is a type of vocal art that its intonation and rhythm of the speech resembles to the normal speech.
It was emerged in 16th through 18th centuries, simultaneous with creation of opera; it was later used in other genres of music including oratorio, cantata, song, etc.

Record library - (Greek: phone - voice; theke – storage, storehouse) the collection of music, literary, documented, special educational etc. works, audio recordings with an organized system; entity collecting and keeping audio recordings in a special manner. There are several such record libraries in Azerbaijan: Record library of Radio and Television of Azerbaijan, State Sound Recording Archive of Azerbaijan Republic, Record Library of National Library named after M.F.Akhundov, Record Library of Baku Music Academy etc.

Refrain - (Fr.: Refrain, see Naqarat - Repeating hemistiches) 1. In Rondo form, it is the main subject which is repeated (see. Yedaklama).
2. In couplet form it means the second piece (see. Naqarat).

Register - (Lat.: Registrum - register) It is known part of voice diapason with the same timbre (tone color). Types of register: low register, high register, mixture.

Reminding, mention - it means reminding, mention to. It is a mass Darvish dance relating to ole Shaman – Qam ceremonies.

Repeating - it means the intentional repeating of the same word and phrase in a written work by applying a special professionalism.

Repertuar - (Lat.: Repertorium, list) 1. It means the program for works performed by the singer.
2. In Ashyg music it means the repertory and the school they belonging it.

Repitition - (Lat.: repetitio – repetition) preparation of the performance of a piece of music. It is an important factor for more elaborate study and interpretation of the work in the process of performance . Playing the same note in an instrument repeatedly is called repetition in performance training.
Replication - it means repeating the music section.

Reply - it is the short reply told by one of the figures in the story in response to the other one. Presently it refers to the replying in response to the severe criticism in the media.

Revayat (Narrative, story) - in the folkloric art it means the narration of information real figures and events in the local history by the person facing with the hazard or witnessed the event. The narratives have a major effect on creation of some outstanding literary works including J.Jabbarli's "Qiz Qalasi" and S.Vurgun's "Aslan Qayasi". Ashygs sometime narrate the narratives.

Rhapsodist - in the ancient times, it means an itinerant poets and minstrels working on collection of songs, who adds music to the collected songs composed by themselves or other poets.

Rhyme - the words that match each – other at the end of lines or within lines, are in harmony in terms of phonetic structure and give special beauty, harmony and clear form to poem are called rhyme. Rhyme plays a great role in the arrangement of poem in meaning and harmony. As it is related both to sound and intonation, also verse and lexicology and syntax, as well as, the couplets of poem. In some cases, the first words of lines are rhymes.

Rhythm - the composition of same or different notes placed in a note box is called rhythm. The combination of notes with different measurement, which are repeated with the known intervals, is called rhythm that forms the rhythmic form of a musical work. The successive coordination of different elements with average measurement in art work shall reflect the rhythmic process of the objective world. We see it frequently both in the field of poetry and music. Every poetry and music piece has its own rhythm. Among them it's common in Ashyg music.

Riddle - it is one of genres of folkloric. It is a short figurative expression about an object or an event to examine the degree of intelligence of the opposite party in finding the object or event in question.

Ruband (Veil ) - see: Niqab.

Ruhani - see. Urfani. It is one of the forms of Ashyg song forms.