EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY OF ASHYG ART

F

Fakhriyya - is mainly one of the types of lyric poem of medieval East, including Azerbaijan. Although it doesn't have stable form features in terms of volume and structure of rhyme, it differs from other poems in content. It is written in masnavi, ghezel and other forms (see: masnavi, ghezel etc.). "The epos of Deli Ali" and poem written for Mirze Beys by Alasgar are fakhriyya in Ashyg literature.

Fekhri - this melody created by Ashyg Kamandar is also called "Kamandari". It is played based on the form of poetry of gerayli starting from Urfani parda in Urfani tune. The melody was created on the basis of "Turaji" and "Lachini" melodies.

Fermata - (Ital.: fermata - stop) means the continuation of sound and pause. The duration of Fermata depends on the singer/ performer's music taste. Fermata is marked on sound, line and pause.

Flat - (Fr.: bemol) means a sign put or applied with the purpose of reducing the sound in a semitone. It is writtem next to the note line or directly side by side the note. (see: alteration).

Fiction - the written and verbal wordy art. The term of literature used by many people of the Middle East. By origin, it is related to the literary definition understood as original collection of didactic works amongst Arab people within 8-9-th centuries.

Folk art - see: Folklore.

Folklore - (Eng.: folk – people, lore – knowledge) means folk wisdom and folk art. It covers the types of artistic creativity based on oral traditions - folk literature (tales, proverbial phrases or sayings, funny stories etc.), folk music (song and dances), applied and decorative arts etc.
Music folklore consists of folk songs and dances; it reflects people's desires and feelings, morality, worldview, lifestyle and labor process. According to their content, they are divided into the types of labor, feasting, domestic and historical songs and dances.

Folkloric - it means the folkloric which its history goes back up to formation of the history of the people – it means the most populated forms of the people's literature.

Folkloristics - science studying folklore (folk art). It deals with the collection, publication and study of the examples of folk art. Scientific interest for folk art in Europe has begun since the XVIII century, and folkloristics was developing faster in the I half of XX century in Azerbaijan. Problems such as the specificity, historical development phases, national specificity of folk art (oral literature, music, dance folklore etc.), professional literature of folklore, its interaction with music, dance etc. art fields and other people's folklore are studied in folkloristics. Examples of musical creativity with oral traditions – folk songs, dances etc. were collected, published and studied in Azerbaijan.

Fret (point) - combination of sounds locating in different heights by pretending towards one –anohter, at the same time, around one stable sound – tone; as well as, its being focused on the interval or chord (usually, three-part tonic) formed from that sound. Sounds forming fret are called steps and marked with Roman numerals beginning from tone (I step) upward with an increasing number. Each step of fret has certain function. Frets differ from one –another according to the arrangement or structure of sound order, that's, the quality and quantity of interval between sounds, as well as, mutual relations between several steps are the factors determining the structure of sound order of fret – and this is called the formula for fret's structure.

Funny story - it is a short story with precise and funny ending in folk literature. It is an epic work created in prose reflecting ridiculous events in domestic and social life in brief. It includes in satiric genre. Sometimes, Ashygs tell funny stories at parties.