EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY OF ASHYG ART

H

Hacha dubeyti (literally, "Forked dubeyti") - its other name is "Azafli dubeyti". It is played based on the poetry form of gerayli from Shah parda tune and General tune.

Hadith - it is a story occurred in the life of Islam's prophet Muhammad (570 – 632) and his adherents or a story about wise words. A part of hadiths are short religious stories. Sometimes Ashygs tell such hadiths.

Half-fret - it is the third, fifth and sixth gut frets on the fingerboard of Saz.

Harmony - (Greek: harmonia – melodiousness, compliance, proportion) 1. Natural melodiousness or harmony of tones sounding simultenously. 2. Science about the methods of correct formation of chords in musical composition; 3. Notion used to characterize several chords or harmonies and combinations of sounds (for example, "nice harmony", "sharp harmony" etc.); 4. Characterization of expressive chords and combination of sounds reflected in a certain work that is characteristic for the music of a composer.

Hashiye (Footnote) - comments and opinions written on an empty space of pages of books and notebooks or around papers in the old days. Sometimes, the whole work is the form of footnote. Footnotes are mostly found in the form of comment and interpretation in the copies of the manuscript of works with deep scientific and philosophical content of medieval poets. "Footnote" means going beyond the subject in oral speech. Ashygs often use the expression "let's use a footnote here" in order to tell any story that was remembered while telling an epos.

Hava (Melody) - song, melody forming the basis of a piece of music, tune that expresses the nature, condition, spirit of different musical characters or images and has necessary intonation, verse – harmony, dynamic and timbre means.

Hazaj - (Arabian: – hazija, hazzaj – sing a song, trill, sing with fine voice) One of the most common bahr (see: aruz verse). It is formed on "tafilas" of mefa -ilun mefa-ilun mefa-ilun mefa-ilun.
Ala gözlü Nigar xanım,
Üzün məndən niyə döndü.
Sənə qurban şirin canım,
Üzün məndən niyə döndü.

Grey-eyed Nigar khanum,
Why you split with me.
Let my sweet soul be a sacrifice to you,
Why you split with me.

Hejv (Satire) - it is one of the types of poetry in Eastern literature of the Middle Ages. The author, describing naughty or stupid sides of this or that person with a critical language, expresses his/ her hatred and disgust to that person. As personal motifs prevail in most of poems written in the form of satire, the public significance of such poems is less. Satires are also found in Ashyg poetry.
Hekayet (Story) - it is a literary term of Near and Middle East nations. It denotes any voluminous and mostly prose with plot in the broadest sense or poem and published epos that doesn't have an author and created in the form of prose in the narrowest sense. The term "story" is used in the sense of ordinary story or translational works in many nations. Ashygs also often use this term and say "Let me tell you a story".

Herf uste tajnis (Tajnis on letter it is a poetic form) - it is also called before – after tajnis. Tajnis on letter can be written on any letter in form and structure. In most cases, the content is made a sacrificed for form in such poems. This kind of tajnises can be found mostly in the creativity of Molla Juma. At the same time, tajnis on letter can be written on any letter being on before –after tajnis in structure.
...Düşər bir gün Alı yada,
Rəva bilməz ram al yada.
Ya qaib ol, cəm ol, ya da,
Olsun qeyrət, ar azada.

Don't you suffer, duck, you swim,
Time passes, swim in the pool, swim,
Your voice is similar to wild bee's,
I'm suffering, cut my throat, cut.

Herba-zorba (literally, threat) - it is a humoristic work in Ashyg poetry in Azerbaijan. Usually, Ashygs praise themselves jokingly while addressing to each – other during "deyishma", call the Ashyg in front of him for fighting and threaten him. It is usually created in the form of goshma.
İstəmirəm sənə dəyəm, dolaşam,
Bağırsam, qulağın kar olar onda!
Əlindən alaram telli sazını,
Gen dünya başına dar olar onda!

I don't want to get in trouble with you,
If I shout, then I'll be deaf!
I'll take away your stringed saz,
Then this wide world will be narrow for you!

Heydari - 1. It's the name of melody in Ashyg music. It is played based on the poetic form of gerayli in General tune, Garachi tune and Shah parda tune. Mainly, the word "Mammadhuseyni" is said in this melody as the words of Mammadhuseyn is played here.
2. There is "Heydari" percussion mugham in professional music with oral traditions. It is one of the types of poems with word – play in Ashyg literature. The 1st couplet of Heydari consists of 6 lines and 1 bayati.
İbtida əlifdən dərsim alanda,
Göstərdilər mana nə qara yaxşı
Oxudum dərsimi hər ayə qərəz
Yox aşıq hər ayinə,
Xalların hərayi, nə?
Aşıq Söyün nə dedi
Dost yetdi hərayinə?
Görsə canım bəyənməz hər ayinə,
Seyrəqib geyinsin nə qara yaxşı,
Naləsi yetişsin haraya qərəz.

While taking elementary lessons,
They showed me how black is good
I've learnt my lessons anyway
There is no any Ashyg for every ritual,
What is the wail of birthmarks?
What has Ashyg Soyun said?
Did the friend reach his cry?
If he'll see, he wouldn't liked
Let wear black, so it is good,
Let his wail reach his cry.

Hijrani - its main name is "Guba Karami". It is played in general tune, Shah parda. The melody "Doyma Karami" found in Shirvan's Ashyg melodies is the other name of "Guba Karami" though the little stylistic difference.

High-pitch Shah (King) Fret - it is the 13th fret on the fingerboard of Saz, Octave of Shah (King) fret. (see: the last fret).

High-pitch - 1. It is the high pitch voice in Azerbaijani music.
2. It is very small harp one worn on tomb and the other one into middle finger – for the purpose of creation of voice by their contact and stroke.
3. High-pitch voice.
It is a melody relating to Saz frets.

High-pitch fret - it means high-pitch fret; it is 9th gut fret on the fingerboard of Saz. Also means the octave of free fret. (See: Tuning fret). The term is used by all Ashygs.

High-pitch Mikhayi - see: Ayaq Mikayi.

High pitch strings - it means high pitch melodic strings.

High-pitch voice - it means high-pitch voice.

High-pitched tone of the main fret - the eleventh fret on the arm of the saz: octave of the main fret (see: shoot's segir fret, planning frets).

Highness (peak) - it is one of the specifications of voice. It is achieved as a result of color (peak), vibration and frequency of the voices. The voice highness is measured by use of vibration range.
By comparison peak of voices one with other a complex musical relations are formed: absolute highness, peak of voice, relative highness.

Historical work genre - they are different genres of works which include the historical events and historical figures. For example J.Jabbarli's Od Galini (the flame bride) drama, M.S.Ordubadi's Dumanli Tabriz (the Foggy Tabriz) and Qilinc va Qalam (the Sword and Pen), etc. are classed as this genre. Other examples are Koroghlu, Qachaq Nabi, etc.

Humor - it is a type of criticism comedy in the literature. It reflects the comic events and weak aspects of people to cause laugh in the audiences.